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((((((((((((((((( WEBREFERENCE UPDATE NEWSLETTER ))))))))))))))))) June 29, 2000
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https://www.webreference.com https://www.webreference.com/new/ https://www.webreference.com/new/submit.html New this week on WebReference.com and the Web:
1. OPEN PUBLISHING: Submit & Win XMetaL 2.0! 2. FEATURED ARTICLE: Following the XHTML Path 3. NET NEWS: * Network Solutions Enhances Domain Security * Opera Software Unveils Full-Version Web Browser * Browser Statistics Look Good for IE * Nokia & Macromedia Offer Wireless Web Works
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1. OPEN PUBLISHING: Submit & Win XMetaL 2.0!
Every Thursday the Update features a new feature article contributed by our readers through our Open Publishing Initiative. It's a great chance to get your voice heard by almost 100,000 readers.
And now, it's also a great chance to walk away with a brand new copy of XMetaL 2.0 from SoftQuad! The upcoming version of this popular XML editor has a ton of new features, and all you have to do to get a copy is get published in the WebRef Update. Submit your article today!
https://www.webreference.com/new/submit.html
Fittingly, this week's open publishing article features writer David Jenkins introducing XHTML - the next generation markup language that represents the path between HTML and XML. Thanks David, and enjoy XMetaL 2.0!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2. FEATURED ARTICLE: Following the XHTML Path
The W3C laid out the XHTML path by releasing the XHTML 1.0 (Extensible HTML) specs on January 26, 2000 with full support of all of HTML 4.0 features as well as compatibility with XML for future development. You may think of XHTML as the transition from XML (how the data is to be defined) to HTML (how the data will be displayed). For more information about XML, I highly recommend Michael Classen's XML articles on WebReference.
https://webreference.com/xml/ - Xploring XML on WebReference.com
The main difference between HTML and XHTML is the structure of XHTML. XHTML is a more formalized structure of HTML 4.0 supporting all HTML 4.0 features with complete CSS and DOM support. The formalized style of XHTML coding allows ease of maintenance and future additions to any XHTML Web page or site. Loose and unstructured elements are not allowed in XHTML. For example, in XHTML you must use lower case tags for all HTML attributes and elements:
<p> correct form <P> - incorrect form
Another example of structured XHTML is unclosed elements. All XHTML elements must be closed out to produce a well-formed document. Well-formed (a term carried over from XML) simply means that all elements are nested and closed properly and follow strict guidelines in XML and XHTML. A good example is the paragraph element:
<p>your paragraph</p> - correct form <p>your paragraph - incorrect form missing closing element.
JavaScript and CSS are not allowed in XHTML documents. The XML parser will report a error if the XHTML page contains internal CSS or JavaScript coding. Any CSS or JavaScript can be accessed through a external file. Relocate the CSS and/or JavaScript to a separate file and cross link the XHTML page to it. Web page developers will find this actually helps to modularize the components of a Web site. Anytime you need to access CSS or JavaScript, simply link to the appropriate file from your XHTML code. Most developers find this style of Web site design to be easier to maintain and modify. Modularization of XHTML is one of the future features currently under review by W3C. For further information and specifications about XHTML 1.0, please refer to the following XHTML web sites:
https://webreference.com/xml/column6/ - XHTML vs HTML https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/ - XHTML 1.0 specifications https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/ - XHTML specifications under review
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Now is the time to double check your HTML editor. Most current HTML editors have support for XHTML. Be sure to get the latest updates and version of your HTML editor. If your editor does support XHTML, then be certain to review all documentation and suggestions on the XHTML functions. Practice converting your Web pages from HTML to XHTML. Be sure to check your XHTML by submitting your Web page to the W3C XHTML Validator. (https://validator.w3.org/) The validator will verify that your Web page follows all XHTML guidelines and will parse correctly.
You might want to consider a XML editor. SoftQuad's XMetal 2.0 [ed. note - who's looking to win a copy? :) ] should easily transfer your Web site from a straight HTML Web site to a fast, robust XML-driven web site. XMetal will blend into your existing work flow environment allowing much greater ease of data management, creation, and presentation of any document for the internet or your intranet utilizing all the strengths of XML. I would encourage all Web developers to read Michael Claþen's article about XML editors. His article outlines several different types of XML editors. From his review you can select the XML editor that is best suited for your specific needs.
https://webreference.com/xml/column8/ - XML editor review https://www.softquad.com/ - XMetal 2.0 by SoftQuad
As of the writing of this article, only one browser supports XML and full support is not included. Internet Explorer 5.0 has a low level XML parser built into it. At the time of IE 5.0 release, XML was still under consideration by the W3C. Microsoft has promised full XML support in later release versions of Internet Explorer. Netscape and Opera have both pledged to support XHTML fully in the next releases of their respective browsers. By this time next year every browser will offer some XML support in some fashion, however we will have to wait and see exactly what that support will be. The nice thing about coding in XHTML now is that it does degrade nicely in all browsers. So your pages should display just fine in all version 4.0 browsers.
The one aspect that every Web page designer has wanted was cross browser compatibility. By current standards, when you code HTML you must either code separately for each browser you wish to support or you must code in such a fashion that all browsers will accept the HTML that you create. In the latter example, coding in this manner usually leads to rather boring and plain pages that may take longer then average to download.
With XML and XHTML, if the browser can parse the W3C XHTML 1.0 DTD correctly, then your page should display nicely. With XSL (the XML version of Cascading Style Sheets) and SAX2 or DOM support, you can send only what the requesting device needs. That's right - the device won't matter, regardless if it is a cell phone, pager, or desktop. The DTD will define the data for that specific device and the XML parser contained in the device will process the information correctly and prepare it for presentation to the user.
By using XML and XHTML in this manner, you should only have to code once and one time only as the proper DTD will be supported and available from the manufacture of the device. This way, you can concentrate on the data you wish to present and cross link it to the proper DTD. Your XSL or CSS will define the layout and your SAX or DOM will make the presentation dynamic if the device will support it. The future looks bright and exciting, but the first steps have just begun. So take your first steps along the XML and XHTML paths. You will be amazed at what you will be able to do.
>References:
https://webreference.com/xml/ - XML series by Michael Claþen https://www.softquad.com/ - XMetal 2.0 by SoftQuad https://validator.w3.org/ - W3C's HTML and XHTML Validator https://webreference.com/xml/column6/ - XHTML vs. HTML https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/ - for XHTML 1.0 specifications https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/ - XHTML specifications under review https://webreference.com/xml/column8/ - XML editor review https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-prof-req/ - Document Profiles for devices https://www.w3.org/Talks/1999/12/XHTML-XML99/slide1.html - Summary
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About the author:
David Jenkins is a free lance web page developer and an avid amature guitarist. His current project is a XML-driven post board site located at https://boards-net.com>. You may contact David at [email protected].
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3. NET NEWS: Network Solutions Enhances Domain Security, Opera Software Unveils Full-Version Web Browser, Browser Statistics Look Good for IE, Nokia & Macromedia Offer Wireless Web Works
>Network Solutions Enhances Domain Security
Network Solutions Inc. this week rolled out new security features governing changes to an existing domain name. The addition security and confirmations seek to make it more difficult for existing domain name to be hijacked. Changes to the authorization scheme are scheduled for July 8. https://www.internetnews.com/wd-news/article/0,2171,10_405511,00.html InternetNews.com, 000629
>Opera Software Unveils Full-Version Web Browser
Opera Software Wednesday unveiled the full version of its Web browser Opera 4.0. Updated features include an e-mail and news client, support for plug-ins, 128 bit encryption, TLS 1.0, SSL 2 and 3, CSS1, CSS2, XML, HTML 4.0, HTTP 1.1, ECMAScript and JavaScript 1.3. https://www.internetnews.com/prod-news/article/0,2171,9_404751,00.html https://www.opera.com InternetNews.com, 000628
>Browser Statistics Look Good for IE
WebSideStory Inc. this week reported that Internet Explorer has widened its browser market share gap to show slightly more than 86 percent of Internet surfers worldwide. The figure represents an all-time high, and was reported at WebSideStory's StatMarket on June 18. https://www.internetnews.com/wd-news/article/0,2171,10_403661,00.html InternetNews.com, 000627
>Nokia & Macromedia Offer Wireless Web Works
Nokia Inc. Monday made its wireless markup language studio available for Macromedia Inc.'s Web-authoring Dreamweaver software. The Nokia WML Studio will enable developers to use Dreamweaver software to author WML content for delivery to Nokia and other WAP wireless device customers. https://www.internetnews.com/wd-news/article/0,2171,10_402891,00.html InternetNews.com, 000626
That's it for this week, see you next time.
Andrew King Managing Editor, WebReference.com [email protected]
Eric Cook Assistant Editor, WebReference.com [email protected]
Catherine Levy Assistant Editor, WebReference.com [email protected]
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