WMLScript Standard Libraries: The String Library - Part I
WMLScript Standard Libraries
The String Library - Part I
The String
library includes a set of string functions that are part of the JavaScript language. A string in WMLScript is an array of characters. The first character has an index of 0. A string may be divided into elements by a special user-defined separator. A white-space character is either TAB (Horizontal Tabulation), VT (Vertical Tabulation), FF (Form Feed), SP (Space), LF (Line Feed), or CR (Carriage Return). Here are the functions included in the String
library:
length()
This function returns the length of the given string.
Syntax | length(string) |
Parameters | string = String |
Returns | Integer or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.length("foobar"); // a = 6 var b = String.length(""); // b = 0 var c = String.length(85.397); // c = 6 |
isEmpty()
This function returns true
if the given string is empty, false
otherwise.
Syntax | isEmpty(string) |
Parameters | string = String |
Returns | Boolean or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.isEmpty("foobar"); // a = false var b = String.isEmpty(""); // b = true var c = String.isEmpty(true); // c = false |
charAt()
This function returns a new string of length one, containing the character at the specified index of the given string. An empty string is returned if the given index is out of range.
Syntax | charAt(string, index) |
Parameters | string = String, index = Integer |
Returns | String or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.charAt("foobar", 3); // a = "b" var b = String.charAt("foobar", 9); // b = "" var c = String.charAt("foobar", "last"); // c = invalid |
subString()
This function returns a new string of the specified length, starting from the specified index of the given string. If the specified index is negative, an index 0 is used. If it is out of range, an empty string is returned. If the specified length is less than or equal to 0, an empty string is returned. If it is out of range, the remaining characters to the end of the string are returned. If the specified index is a floating-point number, Float.int()
is used to convert it to an integer.
Syntax | subString(string, startIndex, length) |
Parameters | string = String, startIndex = Integer, length = Integer |
Returns | String or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.subString("foobar", 3, 2); // a = "ba" var b = String.subString("foobar", 0, 3); // b = "foo" var c = String.subString("foobar", -3, 4); // c = "foob" var d = String.subString("foobar", 2, 8); // d = "obar" var e = String.subString("foobar", 9, 4); // e = "" var f = String.subString("foobar", 2, -6); // f = "" var g = String.subString("foobar", "three", 4); // g = invalid |
find()
This function returns the index of the first character in the given string that matches the specified substring. No case folding is performed. A value of -1 is returned if no match is found. invalid
is returned if given substring is empty.
Syntax | find(string, subString) |
Parameters | string = String, subString = String |
Returns | Integer or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.find("foobar", "bar"); // a = 3 var b = String.find("foobar", "kuku"); // b = -1 var c = String.find("foobar", ""); // c = invalid var d = String.subString("foobar", foo); // d = 0 |
replace()
This function returns a new string which is the result of replacing a given old string with another specified new string. No case folding is done. If the specified old string is empty, invalid
is returned.
Syntax | replace(string, oldString, newString) |
Parameters | string = String, oldString = String, newString = String |
Returns | String or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.replace("foobar", "foo", "kuku"); // a = "kukubar" var b = String.replace("foobar", "", "kuku"); // b = invalid |
elements()
This function returns the number of elements in the given string separated by the given separator. Returns invalid
if the given separator is empty.
Syntax | elements(string, separator) |
Parameters | string = String, separator = String |
Returns | Integer or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.elements("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", " "); // a = 9 var b = String.elements("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", "J"); // b = 2 var c = String.elements("foobar", ""); // c = invalid |
elementAt()
This function first separates the given string into elements according to the specified separator, and then returns the element with the given index. If the index is negative, the first element is returned. If it is out of range, the last element is returned. If the string is empty, an empty string is returned. If the separator is empty, invalid
is returned. If the index is floating-point, Float.int()
is used to convert it to an integer. No case folding is done.
Syntax | elementAt(string, index, separator) |
Parameters | string = String, index = Integer, separator = String |
Returns | String or invalid |
Examples: | var a = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 1, " "); // a = "JavaScript" var b = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 0, "J"); // b = "Doc " var c = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", -5, " "); // c = "Doc" var d = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 12, " "); // d = "tips" var e = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 1, ""); // e = invalid var f = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", "kuku", " "); // f = invalid var g = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 0, J); // g = "Doc " var h = String.elementAt("Doc JavaScript is a leading source for JavaScript tips", 0, "j"); // h = "" |
Next: How to use String library - Part II
Produced by Yehuda Shiran and Tomer Shiran
Created: June 5, 2000
Revised: June 5, 2000
URL: https://www.webreference.com/js/column63/5.html